The meaning of "Networking"
We can define “Networking” as the set of issues and rules that two or more entities are subject in order to exchange and share information and resources.
A network is a variable number of computers that communicate each other, in real time, and are able to exchange data and share information: it is possible, thus, to access the information resources resident on other computers, to use devices like printers or fax connected to other computers and so on.
Depending on the size of the geographic area in which they are located computers, networks can be:
LAN (Local Area Network), which is usually a small network constrained to a small geographic area; for example, a computer network within a building.
Metropolitan area network (MAN), which is used for medium size area, for examples for a city or a state.
Wide area network (WAN) that is usually a larger network that covers a large geographic area.
Wireless LANs and WANs (WLAN & WWAN) which are the wireless equivalent of the LAN and WAN.
Currently, the most used network topology is Ethernet.
Ethernet was created in 1973 thanks to Bob Metcalfe (founder of 3Com) to overcome the problem of collision data network due to simultaneous attempt of multiple computers to transmit information using a single cable or network segment.
This technology is based on a system known as CSMA / CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access / Collision Detection) which, although simple, is able to ensure a fair rate of data transfer.
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